In this discussion, we will share ethical considerations during the presentation and publication of research results. This stage is one of the most critical in that the researcher must take the moral approach, as the negative impact will not be on the participants in the research or those who participated in the sample. Still, the effect will also have other dimensions that may harm society.
Manipulate the Results:
According to (Dattalo, 2010), Some researchers work according to particular agendas or purposes, and they manipulate the data for the research to reach a predetermined result. For example, in the sampling process, the researcher deliberately balances the sample's composition and lack of diversity or achieves a random approach. Another example is the development of results based on the assumptions of one side whose affiliation and goals are known. Finally, some researchers fill in the gaps and publish them as realistically as possible.
Disclosure of Sensitive Data:
According to (Bryman & Bell 2011), Some researchers sometimes make audio and video recordings to conduct survey research and take evidence of the authenticity of the samples. Despite the partial approval they obtained from the participants for the scientific benefit. However, publishing research supported by these pictures and recordings may cause the participants to be put in embarrassing situations, defame them, or even fall under the law if the research has political dimensions.
Data Leak:
When not correctly saved, some of the participants' data may harm them; for example, some research papers contain personal or social data when stolen from criminal entities, which can threaten and blackmail the participants (Deborah, 2003).
Intellectual property infringement:
Copying from other research without citing and referencing violates intellectual property. Publishing research without arranging the researchers' names according to their role in the study also violates their intellectual property (Goodwill, 2015).
Conflict of Interest:
There is research, despite its relative validity, but it is prepared in advance to serve political, financial, or personal interests. These interests entirely negatively affect the methodology and formulation of the research and its results (Halej, (2017).
In my search:
When preparing for the research, I must be fully aware of the laws, regulations, and ethics on the research subject: pollution resulting from construction sites. At the outset, the research must have its primary goal in serving the community and preserving the environment, and not harming the contracting companies operating in a particular area or for my personal interest that the research is free of false or fabricated data to reach a conclusion that I wanted from the beginning. The research participants' data is their own property, and they must be fully aware of the damages resulting from its publication if such damages are found.
Conclusion
Scientific and academic research is fundamental due to its reliability and credibility. Research papers that serve specific interests and are far from the ethics of educational and research work have a very harmful impact in various unspecified aspects.
References
Bryman A. and Bell Emma (2011). Ethics in business research. Business Research Methods (3e). Retrieved from:
https://www.utwente.nl/en/bms/research/forms-and-downloads/bryman-bell-2007-ethics-in-business-research.pdf (Dated but valuable)
Dattalo, P. (2010). Ethical dilemmas in sampling. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 7(1), 12-23.
Deborah, S. (2003). Five principles for research ethics Cover your bases with these ethical strategies. America psychological
Association, 34.
Goodwill, E. A. (2015). Fundamentals of Research Methodology : A Holistic Guide for Research Completion, Management,
Validation and Ethics. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Retrieved from EBSCO eBook Collection (Read only Ch 9. Pp. 173-186).
Halej J. (2017). Ethics in primary research (focus groups, interviews, and surveys). Retrieved from:
https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/cross_fac/ias/schemes/wirl/info/ecu_research_ethics.pdf