According to (Dodd, 1931),""the continuity of any organization is closely related to its social responsibility."" This is considered one of the first academic writings that dealt with this definition (Corporate Social Responsibility). This framework was discussed with praise and slander until 1991, when (Archie Carroll) put forward the theory (the pyramid of corporate social responsibility), which significantly impacted the academic literature that dealt with this topic later.
In this paper, I will discuss the CSR pyramid, the extent to which Bechtel Corporation is affected by the city, and finally, the strategies to be implemented with stakeholders to achieve the goal behind this framework.
CSR Hierarchy
According to (Carroll, 1991), corporate social responsibility can be arranged hierarchically from bottom to top as follows:
The Economic Dimension: This concept discusses the responsibility of corporations towards the optimum use of their resource to produce high-quality products or services for the community and return to them the profit that makes the company continue.
The Legal Dimension: This concept discusses the acceptance and compliance with the laws and regulations of the country in which corporations operate, whether in financial, procedural or labor laws..etc.
The Ethical Dimension: It dictates the country's comprehensive system of values and conditions and violates these norms even in its propaganda signs.
The Charitable Dimension: which is that every organization must have works that benefit the community, whether with money or effort, without financial compensation or direct interest on the organization.
Application to Bechtel Corporation
The Economic Dimension: Bechtel is considered the largest construction company in the world in terms of profit; according to (Forbes, 2022), it achieved revenue for the year 202 of about $17.6 billion.
The Legal Dimension: Bechtel respects the laws of each country in which it works, so that the internal regulations of the work change with the change of the country and its applicable regulations, for example in Saudi Arabia, Bechtel works according to Saudi law completely, even with different weekly working days (Smith, 1991).
The Ethical Dimension: In 1931 when the Hoover Dam was built, Bechtel - like other companies - was following a harsh approach with workers, the work was done in extremely harsh conditions, but the new vision of Bechtel (Sustainability 2030) is concerned with eliminating modern slavery in the business through all its work in every country (Bechtel, 2022).
The Charitable Dimension: According to (Bechtel, 2017), Bechtel contributes to many charitable projects around the world, especially in Africa. It has undertaken road paving projects in remote villages in Ethiopia to link villages and cities together for easy transportation of students to their schools and contribute to major charitable projects within the United States.
Stakeholder Social Responsibility Strategies
When the organization assumes its social responsibility, whether legal, ethical or charitable, it sometimes brings negative economic aspects and profit, so stakeholders must understand the importance of the social responsibility hierarchy and consider it a single entity (Staheli, 2018); this can be achieved by involving all stakeholders in the social responsibility implementation plan, resulting in a vision and goal for the organization that everyone agrees on; from this emerges a code of rules for this responsibility and how it can be implemented, and finally a separate internal administration can be allocated to implement these new policies (Carroll, 2016).
Conclusion
CarrCarroll's social responsibility is designed to help companies work with the concept of sustainability, achieving maximum profitability and maintaining the continuity of the company by establishing its feet in the community in which it operates. Economic, legal, ethical or charitable. The organization is linked to the community, affects I,t, and is affected by it, and organizations must fulfill their responsibilities towards this community, whether economic, legal, ethical,l or charitable.
References
Bechtel. (2017). The Bechtel Sustainability Report 2017.
https://www.bechtel.com/getmedia/fba1f2be-0869-4ce8-97ca-bc9fc90b0ee1/2017-Bechtel-Sustainability-Report-ns.pdf?ext=.pdf
Bechtel. (2022). Committed to creating a sustainable future
https://www.bechtel.com/sustainability/
Carroll, A. B. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business horizons, 34(4), 39-48.
Carroll, A. B. (2016).Carroll'ss pyramid of CSR: taking another look. International journal of corporate social responsibility, 1(1), 1-8.
Dodd Jr, E. M. (1931). For whom are corporate managers trustees. Harv. L. Rev., 45, 1145.
Forbes. (2022). Bechtel revenue.
https://www.forbes.com/companies/bechtel/?sh=121a3a46b1d9
Staheli, J. (2018). Corporate social responsibility: What'ss at stake for business leaders today. Secured Lender, 74(2), 30–33. Retrieved from EBSCO multi-search at TUW library.
Smith, J. C. (1991). Mega-project construction management--the Corps of Engineers and Bechtel Group in Saudi Arabia (Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).